Economically crippling anti-ICE bill heads to governor’s desk
In a move critics are calling reckless, ideologically driven, and economically devastating, New Mexico Democrats have fast-tracked House Bill 9 (HB 9)—the so-called “Immigrant Safety Act”—through the Legislature and toward the governor’s desk, setting the stage for what opponents warn could be mass job losses, municipal insolvency, and a collapse of rural economies in Otero County, Torrance County, and Cibola County.
The bill cleared the Senate late Tuesday night on a 24–15, near party-line vote after hours of heated debate. The House had already passed the measure earlier in the session after a lengthy debate led by Rep. John Block (R-Alamogordo), who offered an amendment to make counties whole that was narrowly defeated. Rural communities are now having to brace for impact.
HB 9 bans local governments from contracting with the federal government to operate Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention facilities, prohibits renewals of existing agreements, and bars the use of public property for federal civil immigration detention. Supporters framed the bill as a moral stand against what they described as a “cruel” federal immigration system. But even lawmakers who oppose ICE policies acknowledged the bill’s severe economic consequences.
“This is going to devastate my community,” warned Sen. Ant Thornton, R-Sandia Park, whose district includes the Torrance County Detention Facility. Thornton unsuccessfully offered an amendment that would have reimbursed counties for lost taxes, jobs, and economic activity. “Estancia is going to turn into a ghost town,” he said.
Sen. George Muñoz, D-Gallup, whose district includes Cibola County, voted against the bill and issued an even starker warning. “You want to see a town dry up like a tumbleweed and blow away—get ready,” Muñoz said, calling Grants a town “built on prisons.” He added, “We have to figure out how we’re going to help these people… and now it’s going to disappear.”
Those pleas fell on deaf ears. An amendment in the Senate that would have made affected counties whole was narrowly defeated by a single vote, in part because two senators—Jay Block and Craig Brandt of Rio Rancho—were absent for the vote, a procedural twist that sealed the economic fate of the three counties.
The stakes are enormous. In Cibola County alone, local officials estimate 180 direct job losses, with total economic impacts exceeding $20 million annually when payroll, secondary spending, and multiplier effects are considered. Village of Milan Manager Candi Williams warned lawmakers that her community of roughly 2,300 residents could lose population eligibility thresholds tied to federal grants. “I struggle when people ask me why it feels like the Legislature hates our little community,” Williams told senators.
Even lawmakers who supported the bill conceded the harm. Rep. Patricia Lundstrom, D-Gallup, said her region would lose jobs and tax revenue. “We need help. We need help,” she pleaded. House Speaker Javier Martínez responded by offering capital outlay funds—an ad-hoc gesture critics say does not replace permanent jobs or stabilize county budgets.
Opponents also argue HB 9 will not end detention, but merely export it to other states, stripping New Mexico of any oversight while separating detainees from families and attorneys. Sen. Jim Townsend, R-Artesia, put it bluntly: “We have no idea where they’re going… and we’ll have absolutely no way to ensure their lives.”
New Mexico House Republicans issued a forceful call for a veto, warning HB 9 undermines public safety, threatens jobs, and invites constitutional challenges. In a statement, Republicans said the bill “represents a dangerous step away from the rule of law” and emphasized that ending cooperation with federal authorities “makes it harder to remove individuals convicted of serious crimes.”
Calls to the governor’s office should be made to (505) 476-2200.
Despite those warnings, Democratic leaders pushed HB 9 through at breakneck speed. With the governor poised to sign it, rural New Mexico now faces what critics describe as an economically dooming, morally performative, and profoundly destructive law—one that sacrifices working families and entire counties to make a political statement that won’t stop federal immigration enforcement, but will shatter local economies.
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